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Hydrogenation of Isobutene in Fixed Bed Microreactor - Long Term Experiments
Vajglová, Zuzana ; Stavárek, Petr ; Křišťál, Jiří ; Kolena, J. ; Jiřičný, Vladimír
Aliphatic hydrocarbons with 4 – 5 carbon chain are very valuable starting materials for the steam cracking process. In terms of volume, the C4 and C5 fractions are the most important by-product streams from the pyrolysis of naphtha and other liquid raw materials. Total hydrogenation of C4 and C5 fraction is a way how to produce a high-quality raw material for pyrolysis, which in comparison with a simple recycle olefin (non-hydrogenated) fractions provides higher yields of ethylene and propylene and does not shorten the operating period of the pyrolysis furnaces by excessive coking1,2. For better understanding of the C4 fraction hydrogenating process, reaction kinetic study was performed in laboratory conditions. The hydrogenation of 2-methylpropene (isobutene) on platinum catalyst was investigated experimentally as a model reaction. The effort was focused on development of the methodology of kinetic data collection under the kinetic regime. To have a representative kinetic data, results reproducibility and process stability within several days on-stream was investigated.
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Plný tet: SKMBT_C22014092610171 - PDF
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Homogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenations and Photocatalytic Reactions in Microstructured Reactor Systems
Pavlorková, Jana ; Křišťál, Jiří ; Drhová, Magdalena ; Hejda, S. ; Klusoň, Petr
Microstructured reactor (MSR) systems play a key role in modern industrial processes which require obtaining products of predefined high purity and quality. MSR systems are being currently successfully used for this purpose. Their unique features rest in the high active surface to the reaction volume ratio ensuring easier and proper maintaining of reaction conditions as well as the fast heat, mass and momentum transfer. The use of MSR systems leads to the elimination of side products and consequently to the elimination of additional separation processes. This fact makes the microreactor technology more straightforward in comparison with the conventional batch reactor technology. MSR are being tested for the production of fine-chemical industry and special small-scale productions as well. Two different commercial MSR systems were tested: the microchip reactor system Labtrix (Fig. 1) and the photochemical microreactor based on the Modular Micro Reactor System (MMRS) platform. In this contribution we present these two MSR systems with their applications: the stereoselective hydrogenation, and the photochemical oxidation.
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Plný tet: SKMBT_C22014092610172 - PDF
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Black and White Oils Partial Oxidation on Pilot Plant Unit
Hanika, Jiří ; Lederer, J. ; Nečesaný, F. ; Nečesaný, F., jr. ; Poslední, W. ; Tukač, V. ; Veselý, Václav
Based on pilot plant experiments the paper describes basic parameters influence on selectivity of partial oxidation process. The gaseous product composition was very similar to Unipetrol RPA plant process parameters operating by Shell technology. During pilot plant tests also soot was present in the raw gas. The soot amount was slightly higher because the pilot plant reactor operated at temperature below 1200 °C, see4. Investigation of physicochemical properties samples of soot is under way now and results will be presented in another our paper. At present another effort is focused to numerical POX process model formulation. Comparison of experimental data and simulation results will be reported later.
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Plný tet: SKMBT_C22014092610170 - PDF
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Effect of Microalgae Cell-Disruption Method on Extraction Yield of Fatty Acids
Rousková, Milena ; Sobek, Jiří ; Maléterová, Ywetta ; Kaštánek, František ; Šolcová, Olga
Freshwater algae are a source of unsaturated fatty acids, essential for healthy development of the human body. Green microalga chlorella vulgaris was selected for laboratory extraction of the lipid fraction, especially with regard to the content of fatty acids. Owing to that microalgae consist of individual cells surrounded by the thick cell walls, several cell-disruption methods were applied to increase the lipid extraction efficiency. The concentrated algal biomass suspension was disrupted using methods as follows: drying, lyophilisation, microwave treatment, sonication and high-pressure shock. Mild extraction conditions (room temperature, absence of light, environmental friendly solvent system) were applied.
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Plný tet: SKMBT_C22014092610180 - PDF
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New Biorafination Technologies Developer by Centre Competence BIORAF
Šolcová, Olga ; Hajšlová, J. ; Demnerová, K. ; Vosátka, Miroslav ; Jandejsek, Z. ; Bárnet, M. ; Svátek, A. ; Kaštánek, P. ; Hanika, Jiří ; Topka, Pavel
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Plný tet: SKMBT_C22014092610432 - PDF
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Gas Cleaning for High Temperature Fuel Cells with Solid Electrolyte
Pohořelý, Michael ; Svoboda, Karel ; Skoblia, Sergej ; Jeremiáš, Michal ; Kameníková, Petra ; Šyc, Michal ; Parschová, H. ; Cabáková, G. ; Šustr, V. ; Durda, Tomáš ; Beňo, Z. ; Punčochář, Miroslav
The aim of this paper is to introduce readers (listeners) to the basics of gasification process, high temperature fuel cells with solid electrolyte and particularly with the problems of high-temperature gas cleaning system of the producer gas from gasification of woody and agricultural biomass and/or alternative fuels (e.g. refuse derived fuel) to the level needed for its use in combined production of heat and electric power in high-temperature fuel cells with solid electrolyte (SOFC).
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Plný tet: SKMBT_C22014092610401 - PDF
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